ASTM D378

Flat conveyor belts are used in many industrial applications in which they are subjected to a great variety of stresses and conditions. Service conditions can be calculated or measured. Design levels and test requirements are established by manufacturers, or end-users, or both. The tests (test methods) are used to measure the characteristics of conveyor belting as they relate to service conditions.

The tests outlined by these test methods are commonly applied by belt manufacturers to control the quality of their products.

Research and product development activities in flat belting involve extensive testing as outlined by these test methods.

In case of conflict between the provisions of these test methods and those of detailed specifications or test methods for a particular belt, the latter shall take precedence.

In case of conflict between the provisions of these test methods and those of detailed specifications or test methods for a particular belt, the latter shall take precedence.

1. Scope

1.1 These test methods (and references) cover the procedures for evaluating the physical properties of flat conveyor belting. Performance criteria for belting will not be detailed here, but can be found through the RMA (Rubber Manufacturers Association) Conveyor and Elevator Belt Handbook, ANSI (American National Standards Institute), various governmental authorities, and the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). Belting for conveying and elevating materials generally is designated and defined as follows:

1.1.1 Heavy Duty Conveyor—A heavy duty belt is defined as belting designed for bulk haulage of materials, such as stone, crushed rock, sand, metals ores, coal, wood chips, etc., and has a carcass strength (design) substantial enough to withstand conveyor system tensions of 160 PIW (pounds per inch of width) and above.

1.1.2 Light Duty Conveyor—A light duty belt is defined as belting designed for conveying a variety of lower weight (density) materials, packages, industrial and electronic goods, and food products. These belts often are shorter in length and width, with less overall thickness than heavy duty belting, and are generally used in conveyor systems with tensions less than 160 PIW.

1.1.3 General Description—Belting can have elastomeric coverings on one side, both sides, or neither side depending upon the specific application requirements. Belt coverings are comprised of various synthetic or natural rubber polymers, PVC, or other elastomeric materials, dependent upon application or customer requirements. The strength (load bearing) member(s) of most belting generally is a woven or interwoven carcass of synthetic or natural fibers, such as, but not limited to, polyester, nylon, polyaramide and cotton, as well as steel (cable/cord type or woven mesh).

1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the application specific testing available or safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

2. Referenced Documents

U.S. Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA)
30CFR18.65 Flame testing of Conveyor Belting and Hose
ASTM Standards
D1149 Test Methods for Rubber Deterioration--Cracking in an Ozone Controlled Environment
D1415 Test Method for Rubber Property--International Hardness
D1630 Test Method for Rubber Property--Abrasion Resistance (Footwear Abrader)
D1894 Test Method for Static and Kinetic Coefficients of Friction of Plastic Film and Sheeting
D2228 Test Method for Rubber Property--Relative Abrasion Resistance by Pico Abrader Method
D2240 Test Method for Rubber Property--Durometer Hardness
D3183 Practice for Rubber--Preparation of Pieces for Test Purposes from Products
D3389 Test Method for Coated Fabrics Abrasion Resistance (Rotary Platform Abrader)
D3767 Practice for Rubber--Measurement of Dimensions
D412 Test Methods for Vulcanized Rubber and Thermoplastic Elastomers--Tension
D413 Test Methods for Rubber Property--Adhesion to Flexible Substrate
D4483 Practice for Evaluating Precision for Test Method Standards in the Rubber and Carbon Black Manufacturing Industries
D471 Test Method for Rubber Property--Effect of Liquids
D573 Test Method for Rubber--Deterioration in an Air Oven
D5963 Test Method for Rubber Property--Abrasion Resistance (Rotary Drum Abrader)
D624 Test Method for Tear Strength of Conventional Vulcanized Rubber and Thermoplastic Elastomers
D865 Test Method for Rubber--Deterioration by Heating in Air (Test Tube Enclosure)
Deutsches Institut fur Normung e.V. (DIN)
DIN53516 Testing of Rubber and Elastomers; Determination of Abrasion Resistance
RMA Technical Bulletins and Test Methods
IP-1ConveyorandElevatorBeltHandbook
ISO Standards
ISO9856 Conveyor Belts--Determination of Elastic Modulus

Index Terms

belting; elastomeric; RMA; rubber; Breaking strength/tenacity--rubber; Burning characteristics--rubber/cellular materials; Carcass tear test; Conveyor belts; Elastomeric rubber materials; Fire testing--rubber/cellular materials; Flammability--rubber; Flat conveyor belting; Rubber belting; Rubber-/plastic-coated fabric; Troughability; ICS Number Code 83.060 (Rubber)

Citing ASTM Standards

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